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In their long-lasting history the Serbs
had a number of dynasties:
-The Nemanics, Kotromanics, Lazarevics,
Brankovics, Crnojevics, Petrovics-Njegos, Karadjordjevics
and the Obrenovics-
Not even one of Serbian Dynasties was elaborated historiographically,
either in its entirety or in details. It can't be said that
most of our rulers didn't have written biographies but none
of the historians dared to rewrite them into dynastic history.
So we can see that Serbian historiography is pretty far away
from studying the details that followed different moments
of a ruler's life, such as: The Court, The Court Rules, Court
institutions, everyday life of the ruler's family members,
the symbols of his rank, the acts of anointment and coronation,
his way of ruling the country and his titles (Grand-Duke,
King, Tsar, Vozd, Despot), his wardrobe and his personal things,
the throne itself, successive inheriting of the throne, the
Regency, the family estate, his ruling ideology, political
life and such like.
The basic facts about those things can neither be found in
encyclopedias nor in encyclopedia text-books. Nobody dealt
with these interesting data either at the time of Kingdom
or at the time of Republic.
The Obrenovics Dynasty, as the Karadjordjevics Dynasty, too
gave five rulers to the Serbian people- Grand-Dukes: Milos
(1815-1839, 1858-1860), Milan (1839), and Mihailo (1839-1842,
1860-1868) and Kings: Milan (1868-1889) and Aleksandar (1889-1903).
So the House of the Obrenovics belongs to the group of the
most meritorious families of our entire past. They were on
the throne of Principality and of Kingdom of Serbia for 72
years. During two periods they were the rulers of Serbia (1815-1842
and 1858-1903), and the Karadjordjevics ruled in Serbia and
Yugoslavia during three periods (1804-1813, 1842-1858 and
1903-1945). The reign of the Obrenovics was directly connected
to Serbia only, the reign of the Petrovics-Njegos Dynasty
was connected only to Montenegro, but the Karadjordjevics
succeeded in getting the reign over Croats and Slovenians,
too.
The Obrenovics nourished the Serb nationality and they were
mastered by the idea of the union of all the Serbs. The only
exception (but very indulgent one) was Grand-Duke Mihailo
during his second reign. The ideas of all the South Slavs
living in one country, later the country of Yugoslavia were
directly connected to the Karadjordjevics. Those commitments
showed the greatest differences in the policy of the two Dynasties.
From three modern Serbian Dynasties, the Obrenovics were the
last to come into Serbian history but they were also first
to get out of it. They were on the throne of Serbia three
more years than the Karadjordjrvics but if we are talking
only about ruling Serbia the score is quite different. Modern
Serbian state lasted for 115 years; the Obrenovics ruled for
72 years and the Karadjordjevics for 42 years (the year 1814
wasn't taken in to account). The members of the Petrovics
- Njegos Dynasty, as ecclesiastic and secular wardens, ruled
much longer then both of the Serbian Dynasties (1683-1918).
During the first period of the Obrenovics (1815-1842) reign
and at the beginning of the second period (1858-1860) direct
Milos's successors were on the throne as Grand-Dukes, and
then from 1868 to 1903 there were the successors of Jevrem
Obrenovic on the throne of Serbia. The former only had the
ranks of Grand-Dukes and the later succeeded in getting the
title of Kings.
Temporary, during the Second Rising Milos Obrenovic took the
title of Vozd but soon he changed it into the title of Grand-Duke.
People proclaimed him as hereditary Grand-Duke in 1817 and
in 1827. Porta (Turkish assembly) did the same in 1830 by
Hatisherif and Berat (kinds of Sultan's decrets). By those
public decrets Serbian state and the Obrenovics Dynasty were
established. As a personal symbol of Grand-Duke rank, Turkish
Sultan sent to Milos Obrenovic "Hat and Berat" together
with "hervania" (the imperial documents of great
importance). Sultan showed his grace and his confidence to
Milos with the same presents in 1835 when Grand-Duke visited
him in Constantinopole.
Thanks to getting the independence (1878), spreading of territories
(1831-1833,1878), joining Serbia to international affairs
and eternal wish of Grand-Duke Milan to be the leader of all
the peoples of the Balkans, he (after one unsuccessful attempt
during the Serbo-Turkish wars), with the support of Austria-Hungarian
Monarchy, proclaimed Serbia Kingdom. So in 1882 he became
the First Serbian King after the Battle of Kosovo (1389).
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